Markey Cancer Center at UK gets National Cancer Institute designation, opening up new treatment options for patients

The University of Kentucky annouced Friday that its Markey Cancer Center has earned a prestigious National Cancer Institute designation. With this designation, the center becomes one of 68 in the U.S., and the only one in Kentucky, with special access to clinical trials, new treatments and new drugs for patients.

Kentucky ranks first in the nation in cancer deaths per 100,000 residents, and cancer is especially problematic in Appalachia, where the overall cancer rate is 12 percent higher than in the United States.

The designation signifies national excellence in clinical care and cancer research, a UK news release said. It allows Markey patients to join specialized drug or treatment trials that are open only to NCI centers, and it also opens up funding for researchers at UK, said Michael Karpf, UK's executive vice president for health affairs.

"It's the ultimate recognition for academic cancer centers," Markey Executive Director Mark Evers said. It will help UK battle cancers that plague the state, particularly lung and colorectal cancers, Evers said in a story by Linda Blackford of the Lexington Herald-Leader. To earn the designation, the center had to pass a rigorous review that began four years ago and will be renewed every five years, says the UK release.

UK officials said the designation will boost the state and local economy through research funding, and advanced cancer research could also generate more high-tech, health care jobs in the state.  "It strengthens Markey’s reputation as a frontrunner in cancer treatment and research," the UK release said.

Federal panel says PSA screening for prostate cancer does more harm than good, but no better test is available

Prostate cancer cells. Getty Images photo by Abbey Michael.

An influential federal panel says testing healthy men's prostate-specific antigen levels to detect prostate cancer does more harm than good.

The PSA test can lead to unnecessary biopsies for men who turn out to be cancer-free. Those biopsies can also lead to men being treated for cancers that are so slow-growing (a characteristic of most prostate cancers) that they didn't need to be detected.

An estimated 1,000 to 1,300 men die annually from complications associated with treatments that are initiated because of PSA screening, reports Alice Park for Time magazine. Moreover, treating harmless prostate tumors increases the chances of making men impotent or incontinent.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force published the recommendation in the Annals of Internal Medicine. In 2009, the panel also recommended that women delay routine mammograms until the age of 50. That was controversial, and "The task force's recommendation goes against two decades of widespread use of the PSA test, a $35 blood test," Park reports.

"The recommendation is not just counter to what the lay public has been taught about cancer prevention but what physicians have been taught as well," said Dr. Michael LeFevre, co-vice chair of the USPSTF and a professor of family and community medicine at University of Missouri. "We've been told for decades to be afraid of cancer and that the only hope is early detection and treatment. So it's hard for physicians and patients alike to accept that not all cancers need to be detected or need to be treated and that there are harms associated with screening, not just benefits."

Through PSA testing, physicians "were finding the cancer earlier, so the time from diagnosis to death was longer, but the patient wasn't actually living longer," explained Dr. Otis Brawley, chief medical officer of the American Cancer Society.

But there isn't a better test to replace the PSA, and Ian Thompson, chairman of urology at the University of Texas Health Science Center, said to reject it completely is unwise. He said U.S. death rates from prostate cancer dropped between 30 and 50 percent since the screening became commonplace in the early 1990s, though those numbers could also have been influenced by more effective treatments. Thompson said he didn't want to go back to the "bad old days" when doctors only found prostate cancer when it was already unable to be cured, reports Liz Szabo for USA Today.  (Read more)

Study finds new prostate-cancer test is better than current one

Researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles say they have developed a new test for prostate cancer that is "more sensitive and more specific" than the usual test for prostate-specific antigen, the UCLA Health System says in a news release on a new, peer-reviewed study.

"The conventional PSA test for prostate cancer has been used for nearly 30 years and is not specific enough in delineating between malignancies and non-malignant diseases of the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an enlarging of the prostate common in aging men that increases PSA levels," the release said, citing urology professor Gang Zeng, senior author of the study, published in the May issue of the Journal of Translational Medicine.

The new test "measures levels of PSA as well as six specific antibodies found in the blood of men with the disease," the release says. "The test, called the A+PSA assay, also reduced the rate of false-positives, tests that indicate the presence of cancer when no disease is actually present." For more from Newswise, click here.